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आदित्य हृदयम् आदित्य हृदयम्, which literally means the heart of आदित्य or the Sun, is a powerful hymn for a healthy life. Sage Agasthya Muni gave this powerful Mantra to Sri Rama when Rama was perplexed, while fighting with Ravana. After chanting this Hymn three times Sri Rama defeated Ravana. आदित्य हृदयम् is a hymn in glorification of the Sun or Surya and was recited by the great sage Agastya to Lord Rama on the battlefield before fighting with Ravana. This historic hymn starts at the beginning of the Battle with Ravana, when Lord Rama is fatigued and getting ready to fight. The mystical hymn is directed to the Sun God, the illustrious lord of all victories. ध्यानम् ततो युद्ध परिश्रांतं समरे चिंतया स्थितम् । ततो युद्ध परिश्रांतं - At that battle ground;समरे चिंतया स्थितम् - with great worry engulfing in the battle; रावणं चाग्रतो दृष्ट्वा - gazing at Ravana with single minded attention; युद्धाय समुपस्थितम् - having prepared to fight. After getting exhausted in the battle and on seeing Ravana, who was duly prepared and reached the battle ground, Rama stood in the war with a deep thought. दैवतैश्च समागम्य द्रष्टुमभ्यागतो रणम् । दैवतैश्च समागम्य - Came along with the Devas to witness the war; द्रष्टुमभ्यागतो रणम् - seen Rama depressed; उपागम्या-ब्रवीद्रामम् - met him along; अगस्त्यो भगवान् ऋषिः - the cosmic Rushi Agasthya. (Seeing this) Bhagavan Sage Agastya, who came along with the Gods to see the battle, approached Rama and spoke to him. राम राम महाबाहो शृणु गुह्यं सनातनम् । राम राम – Oh Rama; महाबाहो – with strong arms; श्रुणु – listen to; गुह्यं – secret; सनातनम – ancient, very old; येन – with which; सर्वान् अरीन् – perennial enemies; वत्स – Oh (my) child; समरे – in the battle; विजयिषयसि – be victorious. Rama, O Rama, the elegant one with great shoulders, listen to this eternal secret, by which, you, my child, can be victorious on all your enemies in the war. आदित्य हृदयं पुण्यं सर्वशत्रु विनाशनम् । आदित्य हृदयं – Aditya Hrudayam; पुण्यम् – holy, meritorious, virtuous; सर्व – all, at all times; शत्रु – enemy; विनाशनम् – destruction, annihilation; जयावहं – जया+आवहम् – invite success, victory; जपे – chant; नित्यम् – everyday; अक्षयम् – eternal; परमम् – absolute; शिवम् – bliss. This holy Aditya hrudayam can destroy all the enemies. By chanting this stotram daily can bring victory to you all the time without much effort and gives you unending felicity. सर्वमंगल मांगल्यं सर्व पाप प्रणाशनम् । सर्व – all; मंगल – prosperity; मांगल्यं – auspiciousness; सर्व – all; पाप – sins; प्रणाशनम् – annihilate, causing to disappear; चिंता – worries; शोक – sorrows; प्रशमनम् – pacify, heal, quench; आयुः – longevity; वर्धन – extend, causing to increase; उत्तमम् – very good. This holy hymn is always auspicious, brings prosperity, destroys all the sins, which can alleviate worry and sorrows, bestows wellbeing and longevity, a superior one (among the stotras). रश्मिमंतं समुद्यंतं देवासुर नमस्कृतम् । रश्मिमंतं – Filled with rays (of light); समुद्यंतं – shines equally, symmetrical; देवासुर (देव+असुर)- Devas & Asuras; नमस्कृतम् – worship him; पूजयस्व – worthy of worship; विवस्वंतं – Vivaswan, one who is effulgent, bright; भास्करं – Bhaskara, one who is glitters; भुवनेश्वरम् भुवन + ईश्वरम् – lord of the world. This hymn is on the one, who raises up with glorious rays, who is bowed both by the Gods and demons. You worship him, the one who can cover the tejas of other, The Lord Bhaskara, The giver of the light to the Lokas. सर्वदेवात्मको ह्येष तेजस्वी रश्मिभावनः । सर्व – All; देवात्मकः (देव + आत्मकः) – devas, Gods; आत्मकः – essence, embodiment; ह्येष (एषः) – This person; तेजस्वी – Brightest; रश्मि – Light rays; भावनः – manifest, discern; एष – This person; देवासुर – Devas and asuras; गणान् – group, tribe; लोकान् – worlds; पाति – protects; गभस्तिभिः – with his rays. The one who is the embodied form of all the Devas, the self-luminous, who energizes all the beings with his rays, who can protects the Deva and Asura ganas of all the Lokas with his rays. एष ब्रह्मा च विष्णुश्च शिवः स्कंदः प्रजापतिः । एष – He, This person; ब्रह्मा – Brahma; च – and; विष्णुश्च – विष्णुः + च – Vishnu and; शिवः – Shiva; स्कंदः – Skanda, Karthikeya; प्रजापतिः – Vedic deity, Progenitor of Human Race, Lord of all creartures; महेंद्रो – Devendra; धनदः – Lord of wealth, Kubera; कालः – Eternal Time, Kala; यमः – Lord Yama; सोमः – Lord Chandra; अपां – Varuna; पतिः – Lord, Master. The one who himself is the essence of Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Skanda(Kumara- son of God Shiva), Prajapathi (Lord of born beings), Mahendra (King of the Devas), Kubera (Dhanadaha, In charge of the wealth), Kala (eternal time), Yama (the Lord of death), Chandra (Soma, the moon God), The in charge of the waters (Varuna or Hyapampathi). पितरो वसवः साध्या ह्यश्विनौ मरुतो मनुः । पितरः – Ancestor; वसवः – Elemental Gods or the attendant detities of Lord Indira. Refers to Ashtavasus, the five elemental gods Prithvi, Agni, Vayu, Varuna, Akasha, and Sun, Moon, and Stars.; साध्या – Sadhyas are the 12 vedic gods of Yajnas; अश्विनौ – Ashwini twins – The divine twin horsemen who are the Vedic Gods of Medicine; मरुतः – Maruts – Storm deities. They are very aggressive and violent deities armed with lightening and thunderbolt; मनुः – Manu – Progenitor of the current human race; वायुर्वह्निः वायुः+वह्निः – Vayu, the wind God and Agni the fire God; प्रजा – Humans, living beings; प्राण – Life breath; ऋतु – seasons; कर्ता – Creator; This is scientifically true also as the tilt in Earth’s axis in relation to its orbit around the sun is what causes seasons.; प्रभाकरः – Lord Surya, the giver of light. The one who is indeed the Pitaro (Ancestral manes), eight Vasava’s (givers of treasures), Sandhyas (semidivine yoginis), Ashwini devas (the physicians of celestials), Marutas (deities of storm), Manu (progenitor of human race), Vayu (God of wind), Agni (God of fire), Prajaprana (maker of the vital air of sustenance in living beings), Ruthukartha (maker of seasons), Prabhakara (the giver of the light). आदित्यः सविता सूर्यः खगः पूषा गभस्तिमान् । आदित्यः – Surya, the son of Aditi; सविता – bright; सूर्यः – Supreme light; खगः – object (bird) that moves in space (air); पूषा – nourisher; गभस्तिमान् – shining rays; सुवर्ण – Gold; सदृशः – resembles; भानु – Sun; हिरण्य – Golden; रेता – seed; दिवाकरः – Day maker. The one who is Aditya (Son of Aditi), the creator of universe, Surya (the inspirer of actions of the beings), Khaga (wanderer in sky), Pusha (the one who sustains the earth by initiating rains), the one with rays. O the Lord, who radiates like gold, the luminous one, the one who contains the generative fluid as gold, the Divakara (maker of the day). हरिदश्वः सहस्रार्चिः सप्तसप्ति-र्मरीचिमान् । हरिदश्वः हरिद+ अश्वः – horses that are fallow(pale brown) colored. Fallow is the color of sandy soil; सहस्रार्चिः – one who has a thousand rays (infinite); सप्तसप्तिः – one who has seven of the same kind ( seven horses, seven rays); मरीचिमान् – radiant; तिमिरः – darkness; मथनः – one who shakes off, destroys; शंभुः – progenitor, one who grants happiness; त्वष्टा – one who gives shape (in mother’s womb), sculpts.; मार्तांडकः – Bird in sky that which emits light; अंशुमान् – sunbeam, full of light rays. With the horses that are in greenish colour, the one radiating with thousand rays, who has seven horses and with great rays, the remover of darkness, bestower of auspiciousness, mitigator of sufferings, who is Marthanda, the reinfuser of creation, the omnipresent as his rays that penetrate everywhere. हिरण्यगर्भः शिशिरः तपनो भास्करो रविः । हिरण्यगर्भः (हिरण्य + गर्भः) – Golden womb i.e. soul of the universe; शिशिर – cold; तपनः - Heat (one who generates); भास्करः – Shining with light, glittering; रविः – The Sun God; अग्निगर्भः – womb of fire; (अदितेः) – Aditi’s (the mother of devatas); पुत्रः – Son; शंखः – Conch; शिशिर – Cold; नाशनः – destroyer. The primordial one who became the Trinity, the remover of tapa or affliction, who brings warmth, the maker of the day and the one praised by all. O the one who have fire in his womb, the son of Aditi, the calming one and the remover of snow. व्योमनाथ स्तमोभेदी ऋग्यजुःसाम-पारगः । O The Lord of aether, dispeller of Rahu or darkness, the one with par excellence in Vedas, by whom the great rains dispense, a friend to the waters (as the rays bring life and purifies waters), The one who moves fast in the sky. आतपी मंडली मृत्युः पिंगलः सर्वतापनः । आतपी – radiates heat; मंडली – circle, orbit; मृत्युः – death; पिंगलः – reddish-brown (tawny); सर्व – all; तापनः – burn , traumatise, miserable; कविः – poet gifted with insight; विश्वः – universe; महातेजाः – full of intense/fierce energy; रक्तः – Red (with anger); सर्व – all; भवोद्भवः भव + उद्भवः – generate worldly existence; Who is with his forms that are intensely absorbed, inflictor of death to the wicked, who is red in colour, desired by all the beings, the one who is a great scholar, runs the worlds with great radiance, who affectionate all and acts as the starting place to the next generation or action. नक्षत्र ग्रह ताराणां अधिपो विश्वभावनः । नक्षत्र – star constellation; ग्रह – Planet; ताराणा – star; अधिपो – (derived from adhipati)- lord or the presiding deity; विश्व – world; भावनः – causing to be, manifesting; तेजसामपी – (तेजसां + अपि) – Tejas is bright, energitic; अपि – even; तेजस्वी – – Brilliant, energetic; द्वादश – Twelve; आत्मन् – Soul, Spirit; नमोऽस्तु – नमः + अस्तु + ते: नमः- – Salute in reverence; अस्तु – ok, let it be; ते – To you. He is the Lord of Stars, planets and constellations, who simulates everything in universe, He who is resplendently illuminous with the illuminati of all, the one with twelve forms, I bow to you. नमः पूर्वाय गिरये पश्चिमायाद्रये नमः । नमः – bow, salute, pray; पूर्वाय – in the East; गिरये – Mountains; पश्चिमायाद्रये (पश्चिमाय+अद्रये): पश्चिमाय – Western; अद्रये - Mountains; नमः – bow, salute, pray; ज्योतिर्गणानां – (ज्योतिः+गणनां): ज्योतिः – Heavenly astronomical bodies that give out light; गणानां – group of; ज्योतिर्गणानां – Lord of the entire group of heavenly bodies. This includes stars, planets, planetary systems, galaxies, nebulae etc; पतये – Lord of; दिनाधिपतये (दिन+अधिपतये): दिन – Day; अधिपतये – Lord of; नमः - bow, salute, pray. Salutations to the deity of the eastern mountain (indicating the Sun rising), and of the western mountain (where the Sun sets). O the Lord of stellar bodies, Lord of the day, I bow to you. जयाय जयभद्राय हर्यश्वाय नमो नमः । जयाय – one who brings victory; जय – victory; भद्राय – brings prosperity, auspiciousness; हर्यश्वाय: (हरिः + अश्वाय)- – Hari is green. Some people interpret this as green horses.; But in this context it is haridra + ashvaya. Haridra is more like reddish brown or tan. It seems to make sense while talking about horse coat colors.; नमो नमः – Salutations again and again; नमो नमः – Salutations again and again; सहस्रांशः – Sahasram is 1000 Amsa means parts. सहस्रांशः means one who manifests into a thousand parts (rays); आदित्याय – Beloved son of Aditi; Aditi means inexhaustible; नमो नमः – Salutations again and again. O the one who gives victory, the bestower of victory along with protection, the one with green coloured horses, my salutations to you. My salutations to the one with thousand rays, O God Adithya I bow to you. नम उग्राय वीराय सारंगाय नमो नमः । नम – salutations; उग्राय – fierce, furious; वीराय – heroic, courageous; सारंगाय – of variegated colors, polychromatic; नमो नमः – Salutations again and again; नमः – Salutations; पद्म – Lotus; प्रबोधाय – who causes to blossom; मार्तांडाय – bird in the sky, Sun God; नमो नमः – Salutations again and again. Salutations to you, who is terrible to wicked, who ably powers in achieving things, the one who travels fast, I bow to you. My salutations to the one who makes the lotuses blossom, who is the Mardanda surya, I bow to you. ब्रह्मेशानाच्युतेशाय सूर्यायादित्य-वर्चसे । ब्रह्म - Brahma; ईशान – Eshwara; अच्युत – Achyutha; ईशाय – Lord; सूर्याय – Surya; आदित्य - Coming from Aditi; वर्चसे – brilliance; भास्वते – one who shines; सर्व – All; भक्षाय – eating; रौद्राय – fierce, worshipper of rudra; वपुषे – wonderfully beautiful; नमः – Pray, Salute. The one with the form of Brahma , Eeshana (Shiva) and Atchyutha (Vishnu), O the Surya, the one radiating in the Aditya rupa. O the illuminating one, devourer of all, the one with the body like that of Rudra, I bow to you. तमोघ्नाय हिमघ्नाय शत्रुघ्नाया मितात्मने । तमः (तामस) – Darkness; अघ्नाय – to the destroyer, one who negates; (This is caturthi vibakthi/ 4th vibakthi -Dative case ); हिम – snow, ice, frost, cold; अघ्नाय- to the one who destroys or negates; शत्रु – enemy; अघ्नाय – to the one who destroys or negates; अमित – immeasurable; आत्मने – soul, will power; कृतघ्न – ungrateful; अघ्नाय – to the one who destroys or negates; देवाय – to the God, Deity; ज्योतिषां - heavenly/celestial bodies; पतये - to the lord; नमः – Salutations, Prayers. He who dispels the darkness, destroyer of snow, remover of the enemies, whose extent is immeasurable. The Lord of all, who is the annihilator of the ungreatful ones, the in charge of the stellar bodies, I bow to you. तप्त चामीकराभाय वह्नये विश्वकर्मणे । तप्त – Heated, Molten; चामीकराभाय – with Gold like – appearance, glamor; वह्नये – Fire; विश्वकर्मणे – one who activates the world; विश्व – world; कर्म- Actions; नमः – Salutations; तमः – darkness; अभिनिघ्नाय – subdues, quells; रुचये – radiant, brilliant; लोकसाक्षिणे – witness to the world; लोक – world; साक्षिणे – witness. The one who has radiance like that of a melted gold, the transcendental fire of divine knowledge, the maker of the universe. I prostrate to you, the remover of darkness, the illuminating one, the witness of all the happenings in the lokas. नाशयत्येष वै भूतं तदेव सृजति प्रभुः । नाशयत् – Destroys that; एष - He; वै – indeed; भूतं – all existing beings in the world; तदेव: तत् Tat – that; एव – only; सृजति – creates; प्रभुः – Lord; पायत् – Drinks; एष – He; तपत् – Heats, warms; एष - He; वर्षत् – rains; एष – He; गभस्तिभिः – with His (Sun’s) rays. He is the one who destroys the universe at the end and he is the one who reinitiates the creation of the same. The one who with his rays dry’s the water bodies, consumes the water, and brings them back as rains. एष सुप्तेषु जागर्ति भूतेषु परिनिष्ठितः । एष – He; सुप्तेषु – while sleeping; जागर्ति – awake; भूतेषु – in beings; परिनिष्ठितः – abides; एष – he; एव – also; अग्निहोत्रं – sacred fire, Agni, Lord of fire; च – and; फलं – fruit; च एव – and indeed; अग्निहोत्रिणाम् – performers of the Yajna. O the one who lives in all the beings keeping them awake even when they are asleep, who is Agnihotram himself and also the fruit thereof achieved by the worshippers of the Agnihotram. वेदाश्च क्रतवश्चैव क्रतूनां फलमेव च । वेदाः च – Vedas; क्रतवः – sacrificial rituals; च + एव – indeed (is) also; क्रतूनां – of these sacrifices rituals; फलं एव - fruit; च – and; यानि – whatever, whichever; कृत्यानि – actions that happen; लोकेषु – in the world; सर्व – all; एष – He; रविः – The Sun; प्रभुः – lord; He is indeed the Lord in all actions, who is the essence underlying a krathu and the fruit achieved thereof, O the one who is the supreme, who is indeed a fulfiller of all the works in all the worlds, the supreme Lord Ravi (I bow to you). फलश्रुतिः एन मापत्सु कृच्छ्रेषु कांतारेषु भयेषु च । एनम् – (by praising) Him; आपत्सु – in distress; कृच्छ्रेषु – in hardship; कांतारेषु – in wilderness, Forest; भयेषु – in fear, anxiety; च – and; कीर्तयन् – sing, chant prayer or glories; पुरुषः – man; कश्चिन् – any; न – not; अवसीदति – let down, sink; राघव – Raaghava. O Rama the one who recites this hymn will be protected during their difficult situations and times, at the forts, and during the times of fear - such ones who praise the glory of the Sun God will never be defeated. पूजयस्वैन मेकाग्रः देवदेवं जगत्पतिम् । पूजयस्व – worship; एनम् – Him; एकाग्रः – with unified or concentrated mind; देवदेवं – God of all other Gods; जगत्पतिम् – master of this universe; एतत् – this; त्रिगुणितं – times three (gunitam is to multiply); जप्त्वा – repeating the chant (japa is to repeat); युद्धेषु – in the battle; विजयिष्यसि – you will emerge victorious; Devoting with utmost concentration on almighty of the universe, the Lord of all the Lords. And reciting this divine hymn three times a day one will come out victorious in the battle. अस्मिन् क्षणे महाबाहो रावणं त्वं वधिष्यसि । अस्मिन् – at this very; क्षणे – moment in time; महाबाहः – strong arms (addressing Rama); रावणं – Ravana; त्वं – you; वधिष्यसि – will kill, slay; एवम् – thus; उक्त्वा – speaking; ततः – from there; अगस्त्यः – sage Agastya; जगाम – left, returned; च – and, also; यथा आगतम् – retraced in the same manner. Within this second, O’ Rama, Mahabaahu (one with great shoulders) you will destroy Ravana. Thus spoke sage Agastya and then leaves his way. एतच्छ्रुत्वा महातेजाः नष्टशोकोऽभवत्-तदा । एतत् – this; शृत्वा – after listening; महातेजाः – brilliant, splendid; नष्ट – lost; शोकः – worries, sorrows; भवत् तदा – became; धारयामास – wore; सुप्रीतः – pleased; राघवः – Raaghava (refers to Rama); प्रयतात्मवान् – intended, piously disposed. Listening to this hymn, Lord Rama with great radiance comes out of the deep sorrow. And then he invokes this mantra with great courage. आदित्यं प्रेक्ष्य जप्त्वा तु परं हर्षमवाप्तवान् । आदित्यं – lord Surya; प्रेक्ष्य – looking towards; जप्त्वा – repeating the prayer (doing japam); तु – indeed; परं – highly; हर्षम् – happy, joy; अवाप्तवान् – became; त्रि - thrice; आचम्य – sipping water (performing Acamanam); शुचिः - purifying; भूत्वा – after; धनुः – bow; आदाय – lifted; वीर्यवान् – the brave, valiant. Lord Rama, on seeing Aditya Bhagavan and obtaining his blessing feels very happy. Later on doing the Achamanam three times thus becomes pure and then picks his mighty bow. रावणं प्रेक्ष्य हृष्टात्मा युद्धाय समुपागमत् । On seeing Ravana coming to fight, Rama then feels calm and smiles peacefully. With all his efforts Rama finally determines to kill him (Ravana). अध रविरवदन्निरीक्ष्य रामं मुदितमनाः परमं प्रहृष्यमाणः । After that (on seeing the determination of Rama), Lord Ravi (Surya) with a delighted heart became highly astonished. Further on understanding that the Ravanas future is coming to an end, Lord Surya stood in the middle of the Deva ganas and insisted Rama to be quick. इत्यार्षे श्रीमद्रामायणे वाल्मिकीये आदिकाव्ये युद्धकांडे पंचाधिक शततमः सर्गः ॥ Thus ends the Aditya hrudayam, which is part of the Yuddha Kanda from the Valmiki Ramayanam.
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