Patanjali Yoga Sutras - 3 (Vibhuti Pada) - Tamil

பாதஞ்ஜலி யோக³ ஸூத்ராணி describe not only the calming of attention but also the surprising power of a trained mind. The third chapter is traditionally called விபூ⁴தி பாத³ because it speaks of "manifestations" - expansions of capacity that can appear when concentration becomes extremely refined. Some of these are presented as extraordinary abilities, and some can be read as unusually subtle insight.

In ஸமாதி⁴ பாத³, Patanjali defined யோக³ as the stilling of the mind and mapped the terrain of meditation: practice and dispassion, obstacles that disrupt steadiness, and stages of absorption. In ஸாத⁴ன பாத³, he explained why the mind suffers and how it is purified through க்ரியா-யோக³ and the eight-limbed discipline - ethics, breath, sense-restraint, and inward training.

If you study this chapter, keep two guardrails: do not chase powers, and do not dismiss the teaching as fantasy. Hold a sober middle. Let the sutras train your understanding of attention, and let your practice remain grounded in the earlier disciplines. A helpful way to read is to translate the sutras into questions for your own life: What happens to my mind when it holds one aim steadily?

ஶ்ரீபாதஞ்ஜலயோக³த³ர்ஶனம் ।

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
The revered Yoga teaching of Patanjali.

அத² விபூ⁴திபாத:³ ।

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Now begins the chapter on the manifestations that arise from deep focus.

தே³ஶப³ந்த⁴ஶ்சித்தஸ்ய தா⁴ரணா ॥1॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Concentration is fixing the mind on a chosen place or point.

தத்ர ப்ரத்யயைகதானதா த்⁴யானம் ॥2॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Meditation is the continuous one-streamed flow of attention there (toward that object).

ததே³வார்த²மாத்ரனிர்பா⁴ஸம் ஸ்வரூபஶூன்யமிவ ஸமாதி⁴: ॥3॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Absorption is when only the object shines forth, as if the mind's own form were absent.

த்ரயமேகத்ர ஸம்யம: ॥4॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
The three together are called integrated practice (samyama).

தஜ்ஜயாத் ப்ரஜ்ஞாலோக: ॥5॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From mastery of that comes the light of insight.

தஸ்ய பூ⁴மிஷு வினியோக:³ ॥6॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
It can be applied in different stages of practice.

த்ரயமந்தரங்க³ம் பூர்வேப்⁴ய: ॥7॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
These three are inner limbs compared to the previous ones.

தத³பி ப³ஹிரங்க³ம் நிர்பீ³ஜஸ்ய ॥8॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Even that is external in relation to seedless absorption.

வ்யுத்தா²னனிரோத⁴ஸம்ஸ்காரயோரபி⁴ப⁴வப்ராது³ர்பா⁴வௌ நிரோத⁴க்ஷணசித்தான்வயோ நிரோத⁴பரிணாம: ॥9॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
The transformation toward stilling is when outward-turning impressions are overcome and stilling impressions arise, and the mind becomes continuous in moments of stillness.

தஸ்ய ப்ரஶாந்தவாஹிதா ஸம்ஸ்காராத் ॥1௦॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From those impressions, a continuous flow of tranquility develops.

ஸர்வார்த²தைகாக்³ராதயோ: க்ஷயோத³யௌ சித்தஸ்ய ஸமாதி⁴பரிணாம: ॥11॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
The mind's absorption-transformation is the waning of scattered all-objectness and the arising of one-pointedness.

தத: புன: ஶாந்தோதி³தௌ துல்யப்ரத்யயௌ சித்தஸ்யைகாக்³ரதா பரிணாம: ॥12॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Further, one-pointedness transforms the mind such that subsiding and arising cognitions become equal.

ஏதேன பூ⁴தேந்த்³ரியேஷு த⁴ர்மலக்ஷணாவஸ்தா²பரிணாமா வ்யாக்²யாதா: ॥13॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
By this, the transformations of properties, marks, and states in the elements and senses are explained.

ஶாந்தோதி³தாவ்யபதே³ஶ்யத⁴ர்மானுபாதீ த⁴ர்மீ ॥14॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
The substratum persists through properties that are subsided, arisen, or latent.

க்ரமான்யத்வம் பரிணாமான்யத்வே ஹேது: ॥15॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Difference in sequence is the cause of difference in transformation.

பரிணாமத்ரயஸம்யமாத³தீதானாக³தஜ்ஞானம் ॥16॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the threefold transformations comes knowledge of past and future.

ஶப்³தா³ர்த²ப்ரத்யயானாமிதரேதராத்⁴யாஸாத் ஸங்கரஸ்தத்ப்ரவிபா⁴க³ஸம்யமாத் ஸர்வபூ⁴தருதஜ்ஞானம் ॥17॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Because words, meanings, and cognitions are mutually superimposed, there is confusion; through samyama that distinguishes them, knowledge of the sounds of all beings arises.

ஸம்ஸ்காரஸாக்ஷாத்கரணாத் பூர்வஜாதிஜ்ஞானம் ॥18॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From direct perception of impressions comes knowledge of previous births.

ப்ரத்யயஸ்ய பரசித்தஜ்ஞானம் ॥19॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on cognition comes knowledge of another's mind.

ந ச தத் ஸாலம்ப³னம் தஸ்யாவிஷயீபூ⁴தத்வாத் ॥2௦॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
But that knowledge does not include the object-support, because it is not within the object's domain.

காயரூபஸம்யமாத் தத்³க்³ராஹ்யஶக்திஸ்தம்பே⁴ சக்ஷு: ப்ரகாஶாஸம்ப்ரயோகே³ந்தர்தா⁴னம் ॥21॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Through samyama on the body's form, by suspending its perceptibility and disconnecting from light and sight, disappearance is described.

ஸோபக்ரமம் நிருபக்ரமம் ச கர்ம தத்ஸம்யமாத³பராந்தஜ்ஞானமரிஷ்டேப்⁴யோ வா ॥22॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on initiated and ongoing karma comes knowledge of one's end; or it can be inferred from signs.

மைத்ர்யாதி³ஷு ப³லானி ॥23॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on friendliness and related qualities come strengths in them.

ப³லேஷு ஹஸ்திப³லாதீ³னீ ॥24॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on strength arises strength such as that of an elephant and the like.

ப்ரவ்ருத்த்யாலோகன்யாஸாத் ஸூக்ஷ்மவ்யவஹிதவிப்ரக்ருஷ்டஜ்ஞானம் ॥25॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
By directing the light of awareness onto mental activity, knowledge arises of subtle, hidden, and distant things.

பு⁴வனஜ்ஞானம் ஸூர்யே ஸம்யமாத் ॥26॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the sun comes knowledge of the worlds (systems/realms).

சந்த்³ரே தாராவ்யூஹஜ்ஞானம் ॥27॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the moon comes knowledge of the arrangement of the stars.

த்⁴ருவே தத்³க³திஜ்ஞானம் ॥28॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the pole star comes knowledge of the movements (courses) of the stars.

நாபி⁴சக்ரே காயவ்யூஹஜ்ஞானம் ॥29॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the navel center comes knowledge of the body's constitution.

கண்ட²கூபே க்ஷுத்பிபாஸானிவ்ருத்தி: ॥3௦॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the throat region comes cessation of hunger and thirst.

கூர்மனாட்³யாம் ஸ்தை²ர்யம் ॥31॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the tortoise-channel comes steadiness.

மூர்தஜ⁴்யோதிஷி ஸித்³த⁴த³ர்ஶனம் ॥32॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the light in the head comes vision of the perfected ones.

ப்ராதிபா⁴த்³வா ஸர்வம் ॥33॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Or, through intuitive insight, broad knowledge arises.

ஹ்ருத³யே சித்தஸம்வித் ॥34॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the heart comes understanding of the mind.

ஸத்த்வபுருஷயோரத்யந்தாஸங்கீர்ணயோ: ப்ரத்யயாவிஶேஷோ போ⁴க:³ பரார்த²த்வாத் ஸ்வார்த²ஸம்யமாத் புருஷஜ்ஞானம் ॥35॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Experience is the undifferentiated cognition in which clarity-of-mind and consciousness appear mixed; since experience serves another's purpose, samyama on one's own purpose brings knowledge of the seer.

தத: ப்ராதிப⁴ஶ்ராவணவேத³னாத³ர்ஶாஸ்வாத³வார்தா ஜாயந்தே ॥36॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From that arise intuitive perceptions related to hearing, touch, sight, taste, and smell.

தே ஸமாதா⁴வுபஸர்கா³வ்யுத்தா²னே ஸித்³த⁴ய: ॥37॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Those are obstacles in absorption, but attainments in the outward state.

ப³ந்த⁴காரணஶைதி²ல்யாத் ப்ரசாரஸம்வேத³னாச்ச சித்தஸ்ய பரஶரீராவேஶ: ॥38॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
By loosening the causes of bondage and by knowing the mind's movement, the mind can enter another body.

உதா³னஜயாஜ்ஜலபங்ககண்டகாதி³ஷ்வஸங்க³ உத்க்ராந்திஶ்ச ॥39॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From mastery of the upward vital current comes non-contact with water, mud, thorns, and the like, and also ascent.

ஸமானஜயாஜ்ஜ்வலனம் ॥4௦॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From mastery of the balancing vital current comes radiance (inner fire).

ஶ்ரோத்ராகாஶயோ: ஸம்ப³ந்த⁴ஸம்யமாத் தி³வ்யம் ஶ்ரோத்ரம் ॥41॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the relationship between hearing and space comes extraordinary hearing.

காயாகாஶயோ: ஸம்ப³ந்த⁴ஸம்யமாத் லகு⁴தூலஸமாபத்தேஶ்ச ஆகாஶக³மனம் ॥42॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the relationship between body and space, and from absorption in lightness like cotton, movement through space is described.

ப³ஹிரகல்பிதா வ்ருத்திர்மஹாவிதே³ஹா தத: ப்ரகாஶாவரணக்ஷய: ॥43॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
An outward, non-constructed mental modification is the great disembodied state; from it the veil over clarity is destroyed.

ஸ்தூ²லஸ்வரூபஸூக்ஷ்மான்வயார்த²வத்த்வஸம்யமாத் பூ⁴தஜய: ॥44॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on the elements - in their gross and subtle nature, their interconnections, and their purpose - mastery over the elements arises.

ததோணிமாதி³ப்ராது³ர்பா⁴வ: காயஸம்பத் தத்³த⁴ர்மானபி⁴கா⁴தஶ்ச ॥45॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From that come the manifestation of powers such as minuteness, bodily excellence, and non-obstruction by the elements' properties.

ரூபலாவண்யப³லவஜ்ரஸம்ஹனனத்வானி காயஸம்பத் ॥46॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Bodily excellence includes grace, beauty, strength, diamond-like firmness, and solid compactness.

க்³ரஹணஸ்வரூபாஸ்மிதான்வயார்த²வத்த்வஸம்யமாதி³ந்த்³ரியஜய: ॥47॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From samyama on perception, the senses' nature, ego-identification, their connections, and their purpose arises mastery over the senses.

ததோ மனோஜவித்வம் விகரணபா⁴வ: ப்ரதா⁴னஜயஶ்ச ॥48॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From that come mind-like speed, functioning without the usual instruments, and mastery over primal nature.

ஸத்த்வபுருஷான்யதாக்²யாதிமாத்ரஸ்ய ஸர்வபா⁴வாதி⁴ஷ்டா²த்ருத்வம் ஸர்வஜ்ஞாத்ருத்வஞ்ச ॥49॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From the clear discernment of the distinctness of mind-clarity and the seer alone arise mastery over all states and omniscience.

தத்³வைராக்³யாத³பி தோ³ஷபீ³ஜக்ஷயே கைவல்யம் ॥5௦॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Even through dispassion toward that (higher attainment), when the seeds of defects are exhausted, liberation is realized.

ஸ்தா²ன்யுபனிமந்த்ரணே ஸங்க³ஸ்மயாகரணம் புனரனிஷ்டப்ரஸங்கா³த் ॥51॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
When invited by those in higher states, do not cultivate attachment or pride, because it can lead again to undesirable entanglements.

க்ஷணதத்க்ரமயோ: ஸம்யமாத்³விவேகஜம் ஜ்ஞானம் ॥52॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From deep meditative focus on the moment and its sequence arises insight born of discernment.

ஜாதிலக்ஷணதே³ஶைரன்யதானவச்சே²தா³த் துல்யயோஸ்தத: ப்ரதிபத்தி: ॥53॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
From that arises clear recognition of the difference between two similar things when they cannot be distinguished by category, traits, or location.

தாரகம் ஸர்வவிஷயம் ஸர்வதா²விஷயமக்ரமம் சேதி விவேகஜம் ஜ்ஞானம் ॥54॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Discernment-born insight is liberating: it can know all kinds of things, yet is not bound to objects, and it is immediate rather than step-by-step.

ஸத்த்வபுருஷயோ: ஶுத்³தி⁴ஸாம்யே கைவல்யம் ॥55॥

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
When the mind's clarity is purified to match the purity of the seer, liberation is realized.

இதி ஶ்ரீபாதஞ்ஜலயோக³த³ர்ஶனே விபூ⁴திபாதோ³ நாம த்ருதீய: பாத:³ ।

Translation (பா⁴வார்த²):
Thus ends the third chapter of Patanjali's Yoga teaching, called "The Chapter on Manifestations."

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