Mundaka Upanishad - Mundaka 2, Section 1 - Konkani

This document is in सरल देवनागरी (Devanagari) script, which is commonly used for Konkani language. You can also view this in ಕನ್ನಡ (Kannada) script, which is also sometimes used for Konkani language.

मुंडक उपनिषद् - द्वितीय मुंडक, प्रथम कांडः

The first section of the second Mundaka is a profound pivot in the Upanishad's teaching method. The previous section established the limitations of action-centered spirituality and directed the seeker toward ब्रह्म-विद्या through qualified guidance. This section now unfolds a vast cosmological vision in which everything - elements, life-forces, scriptures, rituals, worlds, ethics, and inner consciousness - is shown as issuing from one imperishable reality.

This chapter is not merely speculative cosmology. It is contemplative pedagogy: by tracing multiplicity back to one source, the mind is trained to move from fragmentation to vision of totality. The text repeatedly uses creation-language not to imprison us in sequence-thinking, but to reveal ontological dependence - all forms arise in, are sustained by, and return to the same अक्षर.

॥ द्वितीय मुंडके प्रथमः खंडः ॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
This is the first section of the second Mundaka.

तदेतत् सत्यं
यथा सुदीप्तात् पावकाद्विस्फुलिंगाः
सहस्रशः प्रभवंते सरूपाः ।
तथाऽक्षराद्विविधाः सोम्य भावाः
प्रजायंते तत्र चैवापि यंति ॥ 1॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
This is the truth: just as countless sparks of similar nature emerge from a blazing fire, so, dear one, manifold beings arise from the imperishable and return to it.

दिव्यो ह्यमूर्तः पुरुषः स बाह्याभ्यंतरो ह्यजः ।
अप्राणो ह्यमनाः शुभ्रो ह्यक्षरात् परतः परः ॥ 2॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
That supreme conscious reality is luminous and formless, present within and without, unborn, beyond dependence on vital force and mind, pure, and supremely beyond even the causal imperishable.

एतस्माज्जायते प्राणो मनः सर्वेंद्रियाणि च ।
खं वायुर्ज्योतिरापः पृथिवी विश्वस्य धारिणी ॥ 3॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
From That arise vital force, mind, all senses, and the elemental order - space, air, fire, water, and earth, the support of the universe.

अग्नीर्मूर्धा चक्षुषी चंद्रसूर्यौ
दिशः श्रोत्रे वाग् विवृताश्च वेदाः ।
वायुः प्राणो हृदयं विश्वमस्य पद्भ्यां
पृथिवी ह्येष सर्वभूतांतरात्मा ॥ 4॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
In this cosmic Person, fire is the head, moon and sun are the eyes, directions are the ears, the Vedas are speech, air is life-breath, the universe is the heart, earth is the feet; this indeed is the inner Self of all beings.

तस्मादग्निः समिधो यस्य सूर्यः
सोमात् पर्जन्य ओषधयः पृथिव्याम् ।
पुमान् रेतः सिंचति योषितायां
बह्वीः प्रजाः पुरुषात् संप्रसूताः ॥ 5॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
From That arises the cosmic cycle: sun-fed fire, rain, vegetation on earth, and the reproductive process by which countless beings are born.

तस्मादृचः साम यजूंषि दीक्षा
यज्ञाश्च सर्वे क्रतवो दक्षिणाश्च ।
संवत्सरश्च यजमानश्च लोकाः
सोमो यत्र पवते यत्र सूर्यः ॥ 6॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
From That arise the Vedic mantras, initiations, sacrifices, rites, offerings, sacred time-cycles, performers, and their worlds - along with the lunar and solar order.

तस्माच्च देवा बहुधा संप्रसूताः
साध्या मनुष्याः पशवो वयांसि ।
प्राणापानौ व्रीहियवौ तपश्च
श्रद्धा सत्यं ब्रह्मचर्यं विधिश्च ॥ 7॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
From That arise gods, subtle orders, humans, animals, birds, vital functions, food-grains, and ethical-spiritual disciplines such as austerity, faith, truthfulness, disciplined sacred living, and right observance.

सप्त प्राणाः प्रभवंति तस्मात्
सप्तार्चिषः समिधः सप्त होमाः ।
सप्त इमे लोका येषु चरंति प्राणा
गुहाशया निहिताः सप्त सप्त ॥ 8॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
From That arise the seven vital faculties, seven flames, seven fuels, seven offerings, and seven experiential worlds in which these life-forces function, all established in the heart-cave in sevenfold groupings.

अतः समुद्रा गिरयश्च सर्वेऽस्मात्
स्यंदंते सिंधवः सर्वरूपाः ।
अतश्च सर्वा ओषधयो रसश्च
येनैष भूतैस्तिष्ठते ह्यंतरात्मा ॥ 9॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
From That arise oceans, mountains, and rivers of every form; from That come all herbs and nourishing essences by which the indwelling self is sustained amidst the elements.

पुरुष एवेदं विश्वं कर्म तपो ब्रह्म परामृतम् ।
एतद्यो वेद निहितं गुहायां
सोऽविद्याग्रंथिं विकिरतीह सोम्य ॥ 10॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
This whole universe is truly the supreme conscious reality; all action, austerity, sacred knowledge, and supreme immortality are rooted in That. Whoever realizes this established in the heart-cave here itself cuts the knot of ignorance.

॥ इति मुंडकोपनिषदि द्वितीयमुंडके प्रथमः खंडः ॥

Translation (भावार्थ):
Thus ends the first section of the second Mundaka in the Mundaka Upanishad.

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