đ§đđŻđžđ¨đ
đľđžđ¸đđŚđđľđđđŚđđ°đŻđđđđđŚđđ°đ đ¨đ¤đđľđž đđđđžđ¨đŞđđ°đŚđ đđđ°đđŽđ ༤
đŽđđŽđđđđˇđđŁđžđ đšđżđ¤đžđ°đđĽđžđŻ đ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđŹđđ§đđđżđ§đđŻđ¤đ ༼
Having saluted Shri Vasudevendra, the king of yogis, the guru who is the bestower of knowledge, Tattvabodha is expounded for the benefit of the seekers.
This opening shloka is in the nature of an invocation or mangalacharya to the Guru. The rest of the text is in prose.
đ¸đžđ§đ¨đđ¤đđˇđđđŻđ¸đđŞđ¨đđ¨đžđ§đżđđžđ°đżđŁđžđ đŽđđđđˇđ¸đžđ§đ¨đđđ¤đ
đ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđľđżđľđđđŞđđ°đđžđ°đ đľđđđˇđđŻđžđŽđ ༤
We shall explain to those who are endowed with the four-fold qualifications, the mode of discrimination which is the means of liberation.
đ¸đžđ§đ¨đđ¤đđˇđđđŻđŽđ
đ¸đžđ§đ¨đđ¤đđˇđđđŻđ đđżđŽđ ?
đ¨đżđ¤đđŻđžđ¨đżđ¤đđŻđľđ¸đđ¤đđľđżđľđđđ ༤
đđšđžđŽđđ¤đđ°đžđ°đđĽđŤđ˛đđđđľđżđ°đžđđ ༤
đśđŽđžđŚđżđˇđđđđ¸đđŞđ¤đđ¤đżđ ༤
đŽđđŽđđđđˇđđ¤đđľđ đđđ¤đż ༤
What are the four-fold qualifications? The capacity to discriminate between the permanent and the impermanent, dispassion to the enjoyment of the fruits of oneâs actions here and hereafter, the group of six accomplishments {inner wealth} beginning with shama and the yearning for liberation.
đ¨đżđ¤đđŻđžđ¨đżđ¤đđŻđľđ¸đđ¤đđľđżđľđđđ
đ¨đżđ¤đđŻđžđ¨đżđ¤đđŻđľđ¸đđ¤đđľđżđľđđđ đđ ?
đ¨đżđ¤đđŻđľđ¸đđ¤đđľđđđ đŹđđ°đšđđŽ đ¤đŚđđľđđŻđ¤đżđ°đżđđđ¤đ đ¸đ°đđľđŽđ¨đżđ¤đđŻđŽđ ༤
đ
đŻđŽđđľ đ¨đżđ¤đđŻđžđ¨đżđ¤đđŻđľđ¸đđ¤đđľđżđľđđđ ༤
What is meant by discrimination between the permanent and the impermanent? The reality alone is eternal; everything else is ephemeral. This conviction alone is the discrimination between the permanent and the impermanent.
đľđżđ°đžđđ
đľđżđ°đžđđ đđ ?
đđšđ¸đđľđ°đđđđđđđˇđ đđđđđžđ°đžđšđżđ¤đđŻđŽđ ༤
What is dispassion? The absence of the desire for the enjoyments {of the fruits of oneâs actions} in this world and in heaven.
đśđŽđžđŚđżđ¸đžđ§đ¨đ¸đđŞđ¤đđ¤đżđ
đśđŽđžđŚđżđ¸đžđ§đ¨đ¸đđŞđ¤đđ¤đżđ đđž ?
đśđŽđ đŚđŽ đđŞđ°đŽđ¸đđ¤đżđ¤đżđđđˇđž đśđđ°đŚđđ§đž đ¸đŽđžđ§đžđ¨đ đ đđ¤đż ༤đśđŽđ đđ ?
đŽđ¨đđ¨đżđđđ°đšđ ༤
đŚđŽđ đđ ?
đđđđˇđđ°đžđŚđżđŹđžđšđđŻđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ¨đżđđđ°đšđ ༤
đđŞđ°đŽđ đđ ?
đ¸đđľđ§đ°đđŽđžđ¨đđˇđđ đžđ¨đŽđđľ ༤
đ¤đżđ¤đżđđđˇđž đđž ?
đśđđ¤đđˇđđŁđ¸đđđŚđđđđžđŚđżđ¸đšđżđˇđđŁđđ¤đđľđŽđ ༤
đśđđ°đŚđđ§đž đđđŚđđśđ ?
đđđ°đđľđđŚđžđđ¤đľđžđđđŻđžđŚđżđˇđ đľđżđśđđľđžđ¸đ đśđđ°đŚđđ§đž ༤
đ¸đŽđžđ§đžđ¨đ đđżđŽđ ?
đđżđ¤đđ¤đđđžđđđ°đ¤đž ༤
What is the inner wealth starting with Sama? They are sama, dhama, uparama, titiksha, shraddha and samadhana.
What is sama? It is control or mastery over the mind.
What is dhama? It is the control of the external sense organs such as the eyes etc.
What is uparama or uparati? It is the strict observance of one ownâs dharma {duty).
What is titiksha? It is endurance of heat and cold, pleasure and pain etc.
What is the nature of shraddha? Faith in the words etc., of the guru and Vedanta {scriptures) is shraddha.
What is samadhana? It is the single pointedness of the mind.
đŽđđŽđđđđˇđđ¤đđľđ
đŽđđŽđđđđˇđđ¤đđľđ đđżđŽđ ?
đŽđđđđˇđ đŽđ đđđŻđžđŚđ đđ¤đż đđđđđž ༤
đđ¤đ¤đ đ¸đžđ§đ¨đđ¤đđˇđđđŻđŽđ ༤
đ¤đ¤đ¸đđ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđľđżđľđđđ¸đđŻđžđ§đżđđžđ°đżđŁđ đđľđđ¤đż ༤
What is mumukᚣutvam? Let me attain liberation. This intense desire is mumuksutvam.
This is the four-fold qualification. Thereafter, they become fit for the enquiry into the Truth.
đ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđľđżđľđđđ
đ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđľđżđľđđđ đđ ?
đđ¤đđŽđž đ¸đ¤đđŻđ đ¤đŚđ¨đđŻđ¤đ đ¸đ°đđľđ đŽđżđĽđđŻđđ¤đż ༤đđ¤đđŽđž đđ ?
đ¸đđĽđđ˛đ¸đđđđˇđđŽđđžđ°đŁđśđ°đđ°đžđŚđđľđđŻđ¤đżđ°đżđđđ¤đ đŞđđđđđśđžđ¤đđ¤đ đ¸đ¨đ
đ
đľđ¸đđĽđžđ¤đđ°đŻđ¸đžđđđˇđ đ¸đđđđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚđ¸đđľđ°đđŞđ đ¸đ¨đ
đŻđ¸đđ¤đżđˇđđ đ¤đż đ¸ đđ¤đđŽđž ༤
What is enquiry into the truth? It is the firm conviction that the self is real and all, other than that is unreal.
What is the self? That which is other than the gross, subtle and causal bodies, beyond the five sheaths, the witness of the three states of consciousness and of the nature of existence-consciousness-bliss is the self.
đśđ°đđ°đ¤đđ°đŻđ (đ¸đđĽđđ˛đśđ°đđ°đŽđ)
đ¸đđĽđđ˛đśđ°đđ°đ đđżđŽđ ?
đŞđđđđđđ¤đŞđđđŽđšđžđđđ¤đđ đđđ¤đ đ¸đ¤đđđ°đđŽđđ¨đđŻđ
đ¸đđđŚđđđđžđŚđżđđđđžđŻđ¤đ¨đ đśđ°đđ°đŽđ
đ
đ¸đđ¤đż đđžđŻđ¤đ đľđ°đđ§đ¤đ đľđżđŞđ°đżđŁđŽđ¤đ đ
đŞđđđˇđđŻđ¤đ đľđżđ¨đśđđŻđ¤đđ¤đż
đˇđĄđđľđżđđžđ°đľđŚđđ¤đ¤đđ¸đđĽđđ˛đśđ°đđ°đŽđ ༤
What is the Gross Body?
That which is made up of the five great elements that have undergone the process of panchikarana, born as a result of the good actions of the past, the counter of experiences like joy, sorrow etc., and subject to the six modifications namely, to potentially exist, to be born, to grow, to mature, to decay and to die is the gross body.
đśđ°đđ°đ¤đđ°đŻđ (đ¸đđđđˇđđŽđśđ°đđ°đŽđ)
đ¸đđđđˇđđŽđśđ°đđ°đ đđżđŽđ ?
đ
đŞđđđđđđ¤đŞđđđŽđšđžđđđ¤đđ đđđ¤đ đ¸đ¤đđđ°đđŽđđ¨đđŻđ
đ¸đđđŚđđđđžđŚđżđđđđ¸đžđ§đ¨đ
đŞđđđđđđžđ¨đđđŚđđ°đżđŻđžđŁđż đŞđđđđ°đđŽđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđžđŁđż đŞđđđŞđđ°đžđŁđžđŚđŻđ
đŽđ¨đśđđđđđ đŹđđŚđđ§đżđśđđđđđž
đđľđ đ¸đŞđđ¤đŚđśđžđđ˛đžđđżđ đ¸đš đŻđ¤đđ¤đżđˇđđ đ¤đż đ¤đ¤đđ¸đđđđˇđđŽđśđ°đđ°đŽđ ༤
What is the subtle body? That which is composed of the five great elements which have not undergone grossification, born of the good actions of the past, the instrument for the experience of joy, sorrow etc., constituted of seventeen items, namely, the five sense organs of perception, the five sense organs of action, five pranas, the mind and the intellect is the subtle body.
đđđđžđ¨đđđŚđđ°đżđŻđžđŁđż
đśđđ°đđ¤đđ°đ đ¤đđľđđ đđđđˇđđ đ°đ¸đ¨đž đđđ°đžđŁđ đđ¤đż đŞđđ đđđđžđ¨đđđŚđđ°đżđŻđžđŁđż ༤
đśđđ°đđ¤đđ°đ¸đđŻ đŚđżđđđŚđđľđ¤đž ༤
đ¤đđľđđ đľđžđŻđđ ༤
đđđđˇđđˇđ đ¸đđ°đđŻđ ༤
đ°đ¸đ¨đžđŻđž đľđ°đđŁđ ༤
đđđ°đžđŁđ¸đđŻ đ
đśđđľđżđ¨đ ༤
đđ¤đż đđđđžđ¨đđđŚđđ°đżđŻđŚđđľđ¤đžđ ༤
đśđđ°đđ¤đđ°đ¸đđŻ đľđżđˇđŻđ đśđŹđđŚđđđ°đšđŁđŽđ ༤
đ¤đđľđđ đľđżđˇđŻđ đ¸đđŞđ°đđśđđđ°đšđŁđŽđ ༤
đđđđˇđđˇđ đľđżđˇđŻđ đ°đđŞđđđ°đšđŁđŽđ ༤
đ°đ¸đ¨đžđŻđž đľđżđˇđŻđ đ°đ¸đđđ°đšđŁđŽđ ༤
đđđ°đžđŁđ¸đđŻ đľđżđˇđŻđ đđđ§đđđ°đšđŁđ đđ¤đż ༤
The five sense organs of perception are the ears, skin, eyes, tongue and nose. The presiding deities of the sense organs of perception are space of the ears, air of the skin, the sun of the eyes, water of the tongue and the Ashvini kumaras of the nose. The field of experience of the sense organs of perception are-cognition of sound for the ear; cognition of touch for the skin; cognition of sight for the eyes; cognition of taste for the tongue and cognition of smell for the nose.
đŞđđđđ°đđŽđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđžđŁđż
đľđžđđđŞđžđŁđżđŞđžđŚđŞđžđŻđđŞđ¸đđĽđžđ¨đđ¤đż đŞđđđđ°đđŽđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđžđŁđż ༤
đľđžđđ đŚđđľđ¤đž đľđšđđ¨đżđ ༤
đšđ¸đđ¤đŻđđ°đżđđŚđđ°đ ༤
đŞđžđŚđŻđđ°đđľđżđˇđđŁđđ ༤
đŞđžđŻđđ°đđŽđđ¤đđŻđđ ༤
đđŞđ¸đđĽđ¸đđŻ đŞđđ°đđžđŞđ¤đżđ ༤
đđ¤đż đđ°đđŽđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđŚđđľđ¤đžđ ༤
đľđžđđ đľđżđˇđŻđ đđžđˇđŁđŽđ ༤
đŞđžđŁđđŻđđ°đđľđżđˇđŻđ đľđ¸đđ¤đđđđ°đšđŁđŽđ ༤
đŞđžđŚđŻđđ°đđľđżđˇđŻđ đđŽđ¨đŽđ ༤
đŞđžđŻđđ°đđľđżđˇđŻđ đŽđ˛đ¤đđŻđžđđ ༤
đđŞđ¸đđĽđ¸đđŻ đľđżđˇđŻđ đđ¨đđŚ đđ¤đż ༤
The five sense organs of action are-speech, the hands, the legs, the anus and the genitals. The presiding deities of the organs of action are -agni (fire) of speech, Indra of the hands, Vishnu of the legs, Yama of the anus and Prajapati of the genitals. The function of speech is to speak, that of the hands to grasp things, of the legs locomotion, of the anus elimination of waste and the genitals, pleasure {procreation}.
đśđ°đđ°đ¤đđ°đŻđ (đđžđ°đŁđśđ°đđ°đŽđ)
đđžđ°đŁđśđ°đđ°đ đđżđŽđ ?
đ
đ¨đżđ°đđľđžđđđŻđžđ¨đžđŚđđŻđľđżđŚđđŻđžđ°đđŞđ đśđ°đđ°đŚđđľđŻđ¸đđŻ đđžđ°đŁđŽđžđ¤đđ°đ
đ¸đ¤đđ¸đđľđ°đđŞđžđ˝đđđđžđ¨đ đ¨đżđ°đđľđżđđ˛đđŞđđ°đđŞđ đŻđŚđ¸đđ¤đż đ¤đ¤đđđžđ°đŁđśđ°đđ°đŽđ ༤
That which is inexplicable, beginning-less, in the form of ignorance, the sole cause of the two bodies {gross and subtle}, ignorant of oneâs own true nature, free from duality-is the causal body.
đ
đľđ¸đđĽđžđ¤đđ°đŻđŽđ
đ
đľđ¸đđĽđžđ¤đđ°đŻđ đđżđŽđ ?
đđžđđđ°đ¤đđ¸đđľđŞđđ¨đ¸đđˇđđŞđđ¤đđŻđľđ¸đđĽđžđ ༤
What are the three states? They are the waking, dream and deep sleep states.
đđžđđđ°đŚđľđ¸đđĽđž
đđžđđđ°đŚđľđ¸đđĽđž đđž ?
đśđđ°đđ¤đđ°đžđŚđżđđđđžđ¨đđđŚđđ°đżđŻđđ đśđŹđđŚđžđŚđżđľđżđˇđŻđđśđđ đđđđžđŻđ¤đ đđ¤đż đŻđ¤đ
đ¸đž đđžđđđ°đŚđžđľđ¸đđĽđž ༤
đ¸đđĽđđ˛ đśđ°đđ°đžđđżđŽđžđ¨đ đđ¤đđŽđž đľđżđśđđľ đđ¤đđŻđđđđŻđ¤đ ༤
What is the waking state? The state of experience in which the sense objects like sound are perceived through the sense organs like the ears, is the waking state. The self, identified with the gross body, is then
called vishva.
đ¸đđľđŞđđ¨đžđľđ¸đđĽđž
đ¸đđľđŞđđ¨đžđľđ¸đđĽđž đđđ¤đż đđđ¤đ ?
đđžđđđ°đŚđľđ¸đđĽđžđŻđžđ đŻđŚđđŚđđˇđđđ đŻđŚđ đśđđ°đđ¤đŽđ
đ¤đđđđ¨đżđ¤đľđžđ¸đ¨đŻđž đ¨đżđŚđđ°đžđ¸đŽđŻđ đŻđ đŞđđ°đŞđđđ đŞđđ°đ¤đđŻđ¤đ đ¸đž
đ¸đđľđŞđđ¨đžđľđ¸đđĽđž ༤
đ¸đđđđˇđđŽđśđ°đđ°đžđđżđŽđžđ¨đ đđ¤đđŽđž đ¤đđđ¸ đđ¤đđŻđđđđŻđ¤đ ༤
For the question, what is the dream state, the explanation is: the word that is projected while in sleep from the impressions born of what was seen and heard in the waking state is called the dream state. The self
identified with the subtle body is called taiijas.
đ¸đđˇđđŞđđ¤đđŻđľđ¸đđĽđž
đ
đ¤đ đ¸đđˇđđŞđđ¤đđŻđľđ¸đđĽđž đđž ?
đ
đšđ đđżđŽđŞđż đ¨ đđžđ¨đžđŽđż đ¸đđđđ¨ đŽđŻđž đ¨đżđŚđđ°đžđ˝đ¨đđđđŻđ¤ đđ¤đż
đ¸đđˇđđŞđđ¤đđŻđľđ¸đđĽđž ༤
đđžđ°đŁđśđ°đđ°đžđđżđŽđžđ¨đ đđ¤đđŽđž đŞđđ°đžđđđ đđ¤đđŻđđđđŻđ¤đ ༤
Then what is the deep sleep state? That state about which one says later âI did not know anything, I enjoyed a good sleep,â is the deep sleep state. The self identified with the causal body is called prajna.
đŞđđ đđđśđžđ
đŞđđ đđđśđžđ đđ ?
đ
đ¨đđ¨đŽđŻđ đŞđđ°đžđŁđŽđŻđ đŽđ¨đđŽđŻđ đľđżđđđđžđ¨đŽđŻđ đđ¨đđŚđŽđŻđśđđđđ¤đż ༤
What are the five sheaths?
They are Annamaya, Pranamaya, Manomaya, Vijnanamaya and Anandamaya.
đ
đ¨đđ¨đŽđŻđđđśđ
đ
đ¨đđ¨đŽđŻđ đđ ?
đ
đ¨đđ¨đ°đ¸đđ¨đđľ đđđ¤đđľđž đ
đ¨đđ¨đ°đ¸đđ¨đđľ đľđđŚđđ§đżđ đŞđđ°đžđŞđđŻ đ
đ¨đđ¨đ°đđŞđŞđđĽđżđľđđŻđžđ
đŻđŚđđľđżđ˛đđŻđ¤đ đ¤đŚđ¨đđ¨đŽđŻđ đđđśđ đ¸đđĽđđ˛đśđ°đđ°đŽđ ༤
What is annamaya koĹÄ?
That which is born from the essence of food, grows by the essence of food and merges into the earth, which is of the nature of food is called the food sheath or the gross body.
đŞđđ°đžđŁđŽđŻđđđśđ
đŞđđ°đžđŁđŽđŻđ đđ ?
đŞđđ°đžđŁđžđŚđđŻđžđ đŞđđđľđžđŻđľđ đľđžđđžđŚđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđŞđđđđ đŞđđ°đžđŁđŽđŻđ đđđśđ ༤
What is PrÄášamayaḼ koĹaḼ?
The five physiological functions like prana, etc., and the five organs of action like speech etc., together form the vital air sheath.
đŽđ¨đđŽđŻđđđśđ
đŽđ¨đđŽđŻđ đđđśđ đđ ?
đŽđ¨đśđđ đđđđžđ¨đđđŚđđ°đżđŻđŞđđđđ đŽđżđ˛đżđ¤đđľđž đŻđ đđľđ¤đż đ¸ đŽđ¨đđŽđŻđ đđđśđ ༤
What is ManomayaḼ koĹaḼ?
The mind and the five sense organs of perception together form the mental sheath.
đľđżđđđđžđ¨đŽđŻđđđśđ
đľđżđđđđžđ¨đŽđŻđ đđ ?
đŹđđŚđđ§đżđđđđžđ¨đđđŚđđ°đżđŻđŞđđđđ đŽđżđ˛đżđ¤đđľđž đŻđ đđľđ¤đż đ¸ đľđżđđđđžđ¨đŽđŻđ đđđśđ
What is VijĂąÄnamayaḼ koĹaḼ?
The intellect and the five sense organs of perception together is the intellectual sheath. It is subtle, and pervades the former three sheaths. It controls the other three. It constitutes the intellect and the five sense organs or perception. The five senses are common to both the mental and intellectual sheaths as perception involves both the mind and the intellect.
đđ¨đđŚđŽđŻđđđśđ
đđ¨đđŚđŽđŻđ đđ ?
đđľđŽđđľ đđžđ°đŁđśđ°đđ°đđđ¤đžđľđżđŚđđŻđžđ¸đđĽđŽđ˛đżđ¨đ¸đ¤đđ¤đđľđ
đŞđđ°đżđŻđžđŚđżđľđđ¤đđ¤đżđ¸đšđżđ¤đ đ¸đ¤đ đđ¨đđŚđŽđŻđ đđđśđ ༤
đđ¤đ¤đđđđśđŞđđđđŽđ ༤
What is Anandamaya koĹaḼ?
Established in ignorance, which is of the form of the causal body, of impure nature, united with thoughts like priya etc., is the bliss sheath.
These are the five sheaths.
đŞđđđđđśđžđ¤đđ¤
đŽđŚđđŻđ đśđ°đđ°đ đŽđŚđđŻđžđ đŞđđ°đžđŁđžđ đŽđŚđđŻđ đŽđ¨đśđđ
đŽđŚđđŻđž đŹđđŚđđ§đżđ°đđŽđŚđđŻđ đ
đđđđžđ¨đŽđżđ¤đż đ¸đđľđđ¨đđľ đđđđžđŻđ¤đ
đ¤đŚđđŻđĽđž đŽđŚđđŻđ¤đđľđđ¨ đđđđžđ¤đ đđđđđđđĄđ˛ đđđšđžđŚđżđđ
đ¸đđľđ¸đđŽđžđŚđđđżđ¨đđ¨đ đ¤đĽđž đŞđđđđđśđžđŚđżđđ đ¸đđľđ¸đđŽđžđŚđđđżđ¨đđ¨đŽđ
đŽđŚđđŻđ¤đđľđđ¨ đđđđžđ¤đŽđžđ¤đđŽđž đ¨ đđľđ¤đż ༼
Just as bangles, earrings, house etc., known as âmine are all other than knower âmeâ, so too, the five sheaths etc., are known by the self as my body, my pranas, my mind, my intellect, and my knowledge and are therefore not the self.
đđ¤đđŽđ¨đ
đđ¤đđŽđž đ¤đ°đđšđż đđ ?
đ¸đđđđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚđ¸đđľđ°đđŞđ ༤
đ¸đ¤đđđżđŽđ ?
đđžđ˛đ¤đđ°đŻđđ˝đŞđż đ¤đżđˇđđ đ¤đđ¤đż đ¸đ¤đ ༤
đđżđ¤đđđżđŽđ ?
đđđđžđ¨đ¸đđľđ°đđŞđ ༤
đđ¨đđŚđ đđ ?
đ¸đđđ¸đđľđ°đđŞđ ༤
đđľđ đ¸đđđđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚđ¸đđľđ°đđŞđ đ¸đđľđžđ¤đđŽđžđ¨đ đľđżđđžđ¨đđŻđžđ¤đ ༤
Then what is the self?
It is of the nature of existence, consciousness, bliss.
What is existence? That which remains unchanged in the three periods of time {past, present and future} is existence.
What is consciousness? It is of the nature of absolute knowledge.
What is bliss? It is of the nature of absolute happiness.
Thus one should know oneself to be of the nature of existence-consciousnes-bliss.
đđđ¤đ
đ
đĽ đđ¤đđ°đđľđżđđśđ¤đżđ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđđ¤đđŞđ¤đđ¤đżđŞđđ°đđžđ°đ đľđđđˇđđŻđžđŽđ ༤
Now we shall explain the evolution of the twenty-four factors.
đŽđžđŻđž
đŹđđ°đšđđŽđžđśđđ°đŻđž đ¸đ¤đđ¤đđľđ°đđ¸đđ¤đŽđđđđŁđžđ¤đđŽđżđđž đŽđžđŻđž đ
đ¸đđ¤đż ༤
Depending on Brahman, maya exists, which is of the nature of the three qualities of sattva, rajas and tamas.
đŞđđđđđ¤đžđ
đ¤đ¤đ đđđžđśđ đ¸đđđđ¤đ ༤
đđđžđśđžđŚđ đľđžđŻđđ ༤
đľđžđŻđđ¸đđ¤đđđ ༤
đ¤đđđ¸ đđŞđ ༤
đ
đđđ§đŻđ đŞđđĽđżđľđ ༤
From that {maya}, space was born.
From space, air.
From air, fire.
From fire, water.
From water, earth.
đ¸đ¤đđ¤đđľđđđŁđ
đđ¤đđˇđžđ đŞđđđ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđžđ¨đžđ đŽđ§đđŻđ
đđđžđśđ¸đđŻ đ¸đžđ¤đđľđżđđžđđśđžđ¤đ đśđđ°đđ¤đđ°đđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
đľđžđŻđđ đ¸đžđ¤đđľđżđđžđđśđžđ¤đ đ¤đđľđđżđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
đ
đđđ¨đđ đ¸đžđ¤đđľđżđđžđđśđžđ¤đ đđđđˇđđ°đżđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
đđ˛đ¸đđŻ đ¸đžđ¤đđľđżđđžđđśđžđ¤đ đ°đ¸đ¨đđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
đŞđđĽđżđľđđŻđžđ đ¸đžđ¤đđľđżđđžđđśđžđ¤đ đđđ°đžđŁđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
Among these five great elements,
out of the sattvic aspect of space, the organ of hearing, the ear, evolved.
From the sattvic aspect of air, the organ of touch, the skin, evolved.
From the sattvic aspect of fire, the organ of sight, the eye, evolved.
From the sattvic aspect of water, the organ of taste, the tongue evolved.
From the sattvic aspect of earth, the organ of smell, the nose, evolved.
đ
đđ¤đđđ°đŁ
đđ¤đđˇđžđ đŞđđđ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđžđ¨đžđ đ¸đŽđˇđđđżđ¸đžđ¤đđľđżđđžđđśđžđ¤đ
đŽđ¨đđŹđđŚđđ§đđŻđšđđđžđ° đđżđ¤đđ¤đžđđ¤đđđ°đŁđžđ¨đż đ¸đđđđ¤đžđ¨đż ༤
đ¸đđđ˛đđŞđľđżđđ˛đđŞđžđ¤đđŽđđ đŽđ¨đ ༤
đ¨đżđśđđđŻđžđ¤đđŽđżđđž đŹđđŚđđ§đżđ ༤
đ
đšđđđ°đđ¤đž đ
đšđđđžđ°đ ༤
đđżđđ¤đ¨đđ°đđ¤đ đđżđ¤đđ¤đŽđ ༤
đŽđ¨đ¸đ đŚđđľđ¤đž đđđŚđđ°đŽđžđ ༤
đŹđđŚđđ§đ đŹđđ°đšđđŽđž ༤
đ
đšđđđžđ°đ¸đđŻ đ°đđŚđđ°đ ༤
đđżđ¤đđ¤đ¸đđŻ đľđžđ¸đđŚđđľđ ༤
From the total sattvic aspect of these five elements,
the inner instrument of the mind, intellect, ego and memory are formed.
The mind is of the nature of indecision.
The intellect is of the nature of
decision.
The ego is of the nature of the notion of doership.
Memory is of the nature of thinking or recollection.
The presiding deity of the mind is the moon,
of the intellect, Brahma,
of the ego, Rudra
and of memory, Vasudeva.
đ°đđđđđŁđ
đđ¤đđˇđžđ đŞđđđ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđžđ¨đžđ đŽđ§đđŻđ
đđđžđśđ¸đđŻ đ°đžđđ¸đžđđśđžđ¤đ đľđžđđżđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
đľđžđŻđđ đ°đžđđ¸đžđđśđžđ¤đ đŞđžđŁđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
đľđ¨đđšđđ đ°đžđđ¸đžđđśđžđ¤đ đŞđžđŚđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
đđ˛đ¸đđŻ đ°đžđđ¸đžđđśđžđ¤đ đđŞđ¸đđĽđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
đŞđđĽđżđľđđŻđž đ°đžđđ¸đžđđśđžđ¤đ đđđŚđđđŚđđ°đżđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
đđ¤đđˇđžđ đ¸đŽđˇđđđżđ°đžđđ¸đžđđśđžđ¤đ đŞđđđŞđđ°đžđŁđžđ đ¸đđđđ¤đžđ ༤
Among these five elements,
from the rajas aspect of space, the organ of speech is formed.
From the rajas aspect of air, the organ of grasping, the hands are formed.
From the rajas aspect of fire, the organ of locomotion, the legs are formed.
From the rajas aspect of water, the organ of procreation is formed.
From the rajasic aspect of earth, the anus is formed.
From the total rajas aspect of these five elements, the five vital airs, pranas are formed.
đ¤đŽđđđđŁđ
đđ¤đđˇđžđ đŞđđđ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđžđ¨đžđ đ¤đžđŽđ¸đžđđśđžđ¤đ
đŞđđđđđđ¤đŞđđđ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđžđ¨đż đđľđđ¤đż ༤
đŞđđđđđ°đŁđ đđĽđ đđ¤đż đđđ¤đ ༤
đđ¤đđˇđžđ đŞđđđŽđšđžđđđ¤đžđ¨đžđ đ¤đžđŽđ¸đžđđśđ¸đđľđ°đđŞđŽđ
đđđŽđđđ đđđ¤đ đŚđđľđżđ§đž đľđżđđđđŻ đđđŽđđđŽđ°đđ§đ đŞđđĽđđ
đ¤đđˇđđŁđđ đľđđŻđľđ¸đđĽđžđŞđđŻ đ
đŞđ°đŽđŞđ°đŽđ°đđ§đ đđ¤đđ°đđ§đžđ đľđżđđđđŻ
đ¸đđľđžđ°đđ§đŽđ¨đđŻđđˇđ đ
đ°đđ§đđˇđ đ¸đđľđđžđđđ¤đđˇđđđŻđ¸đđŻđđđ¨đ đđžđ°đđŻđŽđ ༤
đ¤đŚđž đŞđđđđđ°đŁđ đđľđ¤đż ༤
đđ¤đđđđŻđ đŞđđđđđđ¤đŞđđđŽđšđžđđđ¤đđđđŻđ đ¸đđĽđđ˛đśđ°đđ°đ đđľđ¤đż ༤
đđľđ đŞđżđđĄđŹđđ°đšđđŽđžđđĄđŻđđ°đđđđŻđ đ¸đđđđ¤đŽđ ༤
From the tamas aspect of these five elements, the grossified five
elements are born.
If it is asked how this panchikarana takes place, it
is as follows.
â The tamas aspect of each of the five elements divides into two equal parts.
â One half of each remains intact.
â The other half of each gets divided into four equal parts.
â Then to the intact half of one element, one-eight portion from each of the other four elements gets joined.
â Then panchikarana is completed.
â From these five grossified elements, the gross body is formed.
Thus, there is identity between the microcosm and the macrocosm.
đđđľđ, đđśđđľđ°đ đ
đ¸đđĽđđ˛đśđ°đđ°đžđđżđŽđžđ¨đż đđđľđ¨đžđŽđđ đŹđđ°đšđđŽđŞđđ°đ¤đżđŹđżđđŹđ đđľđ¤đż ༤
đ¸ đđľ đđđľđ đŞđđ°đđđ¤đđŻđž đ¸đđľđ¸đđŽđžđ¤đ đđśđđľđ°đ đđżđ¨đđ¨đ¤đđľđđ¨ đđžđ¨đžđ¤đż ༤
đ
đľđżđŚđđŻđđŞđžđ§đżđ đ¸đ¨đ đđ¤đđŽđž đđđľ đđ¤đđŻđđđđŻđ¤đ ༤
đŽđžđŻđđŞđžđ§đżđ đ¸đ¨đ đđśđđľđ° đđ¤đđŻđđđđŻđ¤đ ༤
đđľđ đđŞđžđ§đżđđđŚđžđ¤đ đđđľđđśđđľđ°đđđŚđŚđđˇđđđżđ đŻđžđľđ¤đđŞđ°đđŻđđ¤đ đ¤đżđˇđđ đ¤đż
đ¤đžđľđ¤đđŞđ°đđŻđđ¤đ đđ¨đđŽđŽđ°đŁđžđŚđżđ°đđŞđ¸đđ¸đžđ°đ đ¨ đ¨đżđľđ°đđ¤đ¤đ ༤
đ¤đ¸đđŽđžđ¤đđđžđ°đŁđžđ¨đđ¨ đđđľđđśđđľđ°đŻđđ°đđđđŚđŹđđŚđđ§đżđ đ¸đđľđđđžđ°đđŻđž ༤
The reflection of Brahman, which identifies itself with the gross body, is called the jiva. This jiva by nature takes Ishwara to be different from himself or herself. The self conditioned by ignorance {maya} is called
Ishwara. So long as the notion that the jiva and Ishwara are different remains, which is due to the difference in the conditioning, till then, there is no redemption from samsara which is of the form of repeated birth, death etc. Due to that reason, the notion that the jiva is different from Ishwara should not be accepted.
đ¤đ¤đ đ¤đđľđ đ
đ¸đż
đ¨đ¨đ đ¸đžđšđđđžđ°đ¸đđŻ đđżđđđżđđđđđđ¸đđŻ đđđľđ¸đđŻ đ¨đżđ°đšđđđžđ°đ¸đđŻ đ¸đ°đđľđđđđ¸đđŻ
đđśđđľđ°đ¸đđŻ đ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđŽđ¸đđ¤đż đŽđšđžđľđžđđđŻđžđ¤đ đđĽđŽđđđŚđŹđđŚđđ§đżđ đ¸đđŻđžđŚđđđŻđđ
đľđżđ°đđŚđđ§đ§đ°đđŽđžđđđ°đžđđ¤đ¤đđľđžđ¤đ ༤
đđ¤đż đđđ¨đđ¨ ༤ đ¸đđĽđđ˛đ¸đđđđˇđđŽđśđ°đđ°đžđđżđŽđžđ¨đ đ¤đđľđđŞđŚđľđžđđđŻđžđ°đđĽđ ༤
đđŞđžđ§đżđľđżđ¨đżđ°đđŽđđđđ¤đ đ¸đŽđžđ§đżđŚđśđžđ¸đđŞđ¨đđ¨đ đśđđŚđđ§đ đđđ¤đ¨đđŻđ
đ¤đđľđđŞđŚđ˛đđđˇđđŻđžđ°đđĽđ ༤
đđľđ đ¸đ°đđľđđđđ¤đđľđžđŚđżđľđżđśđżđˇđđ đđśđđľđ°đ đ¤đ¤đđŞđŚđľđžđđđŻđžđ°đđĽđ ༤
đđŞđžđ§đżđśđđ¨đđŻđ đśđđŚđđ§đđđ¤đ¨đđŻđ đ¤đ¤đđŞđŚđ˛đđđˇđđŻđžđ°đđĽđ ༤
đđľđ đ đđđľđđśđđľđ°đŻđ đđđ¤đ¨đđŻđ°đđŞđđŁđžđ˝đđđŚđ đŹđžđ§đđžđđžđľđ ༤
But the jiva is endowed with ego and his knowledge is limited, whereas, Ishwara is without ego and is omniscient. Then how can there be identity, as stated in the mahavakya, âThat thou artâ, between these two who are possessed of contradictory characteristics?
If there is such a doubt, no {it is not so}. That literal meaning of the word âthouâ is the one identified with the gross and subtle bodies. The implied meaning of the word âthouâ is pure awareness which is free from all conditionings and which is appreciated in the state of samadhi. So also the literal meaning of the word âThat is Ishwara having omniscience etc.; the implied meaning of the word that is the pure awareness, free from all conditionings. Thus there is no contradiction regarding the identity between the jiva and Ishwara from the standpoint of awareness.
đđđľđ¨đđŽđđđđ¤đ
đđľđ đ đľđđŚđžđđ¤đľđžđđđŻđđ đ¸đŚđđđđ°đđŞđŚđđśđđ¨ đ đ¸đ°đđľđđˇđđľđŞđż
đđđ¤đđˇđ đŻđđˇđžđ
đŹđđ°đšđđŽđŹđđŚđđ§đżđ°đđ¤đđŞđ¨đđ¨đž đ¤đ đđđľđ¨đđŽđđđđ¤đžđ đđ¤đđŻđ°đđĽđ ༤đ¨đ¨đ đđđľđ¨đđŽđđđđ¤đ đđ ?
đŻđĽđž đŚđđšđđ˝đšđ đŞđđ°đđˇđđ˝đšđ đŹđđ°đžđšđđŽđŁđđ˝đšđ đśđđŚđđ°đđ˝đšđŽđ¸đđŽđđ¤đż
đŚđđ˘đ¨đżđśđđđŻđ¸đđ¤đĽđž đ¨đžđšđ đŹđđ°đžđšđđŽđŁđ đ¨ đśđđŚđđ°đ đ¨ đŞđđ°đđˇđ
đđżđđ¤đ đ
đ¸đđđ đ¸đđđđżđŚđžđ¨đđŚ đ¸đđľđ°đđŞđ đŞđđ°đđžđśđ°đđŞđ đ¸đ°đđľđžđđ¤đ°đđŻđžđŽđ
đđżđŚđžđđžđśđ°đđŞđđ˝đ¸đđŽđđ¤đż đŚđđ˘đ¨đżđśđđđŻ
đ°đđŞđđ˝đŞđ°đđđđˇđđđđžđ¨đľđžđ¨đ đđđľđ¨đđŽđđđđ¤đ ༼
đŹđđ°đšđđŽđđľđžđšđŽđ¸đđŽđđ¤đđŻđŞđ°đđđđˇđđđđžđ¨đđ¨
đ¨đżđđżđ˛đđ°đđŽđŹđđ§đľđżđ¨đżđ°đđŽđđđđ¤đ đ¸đđŻđžđ¤đ ༤
Thus by the words of Vedanta and the teachings of the satguru, those in whom the vision of the truth is born in all beings, are liberated while living {jÄŤvanmuktah}.
Then who is a jÄŤvanmuktah? Just as one has firm belief âI am the bodyâ; âI am a manâ; âI am a Brahminâ; âI am Shudraâ, in the same way one who by his immediate knowledge {aparoksha jnana} has firmly ascertained, âI am not a Brahminâ; âI am not a Shudraâ; I am not a manâ but âI am unattachedâ and of the nature of existence-consciousness-bliss, effulgent, the indweller of all and the formless awareness is a jÄŤvanmuktah.
By immediate knowledge that I am Brahman alone, one becomes free from bondage of all karmas.
đđ°đđŽđžđŁđż
đđ°đđŽđžđŁđż đđ¤đżđľđżđ§đžđ¨đż đ¸đđ¤đđ¤đż đđđ¤đ
đđđžđŽđżđ¸đđđżđ¤đŞđđ°đžđ°đŹđđ§đđđŚđđ¨ đ¤đđ°đżđľđżđ§đžđ¨đż đ¸đđ¤đż ༤
If one is asked-how many kinds of karmas are there, {the reply is} there are three kinds of karmas, viz., agami, sanchita and prarabdha.
đđđžđŽđż đđ°đđŽ
đđđđžđ¨đđ¤đđŞđ¤đđ¤đđŻđ¨đđ¤đ°đ đđđđžđ¨đżđŚđđšđđđ¤đ đŞđđŁđđŻđŞđžđŞđ°đđŞđ đđ°đđŽ
đŻđŚđ¸đđ¤đż đ¤đŚđžđđžđŽđđ¤đđŻđđżđ§đđŻđ¤đ ༤
The results of actions, good or bad performed by the body of the realised soul {jnani} after the dawn of knowledge is known as agami.
đ¸đđđżđ¤ đđ°đđŽ
đ¸đđđżđ¤đ đđ°đđŽ đđżđŽđ ?
đ
đ¨đđ¤đđđđżđđ¨đđŽđ¨đžđ đŹđđđđđ¤đ đ¸đ¤đ đŻđ¤đđđ°đđŽđđžđ¤đ đŞđđ°đđľđžđ°đđđżđ¤đ
đ¤đżđˇđđ đ¤đż đ¤đ¤đ đ¸đđđżđ¤đ đđđđđŻđŽđ ༤
The result of actions performed in {all} previous births which are in seed form to give rise to endless crores of births in future is called Sanchita {accumulated} karma.
đŞđđ°đžđ°đŹđđ§ đđ°đđŽ
đŞđđ°đžđ°đŹđđ§đ đđ°đđŽ đđżđŽđżđ¤đż đđđ¤đ ༤
đđŚđ đśđ°đđ°đŽđđ¤đđŞđžđŚđđŻ đđš đ˛đđđ đđľđ đ¸đđđŚđđđđžđŚđżđŞđđ°đŚđ đŻđ¤đđđ°đđŽ
đ¤đ¤đđŞđđ°đžđ°đŹđđ§đ
đđđđđ¨ đ¨đˇđđđ đđľđ¤đż đŞđđ°đžđ°đŹđđ§đđ°đđŽđŁđžđ đđđđžđŚđđľ đđđˇđŻ đđ¤đż ༤
Having given birth to this body, the actions which give result in this very world, in the form of happiness or misery and which can be destroyed only by enjoying or suffering them is called prarabdha karma.
đđ°đđŽ đŽđđđđ¤đ
đ¸đđđżđ¤đ đđ°đđŽ đŹđđ°đšđđŽđđľđžđšđŽđżđ¤đż đ¨đżđśđđđŻđžđ¤đđŽđđđđđžđ¨đđ¨ đ¨đśđđŻđ¤đż ༤đđđžđŽđż đđ°đđŽ đ
đŞđż đđđđžđ¨đđ¨ đ¨đśđđŻđ¤đż đđżđđ đđđžđŽđż đđ°đđŽđŁđžđ
đ¨đ˛đżđ¨đđŚđ˛đđ¤đđ˛đľđ¤đ đđđđžđ¨đżđ¨đžđ đ¸đđŹđđ§đ đ¨đžđ¸đđ¤đż ༤
Sanchita karma is destroyed by the firm knowledge, âI am Brahmanâ alone.
The agami karma is also destroyed by knowledge and the wise man is not affected by it-as a lotus leaf is not affected by the water on it {padma patram ivambhasa}.
đđđđžđ¨đżđ
đđżđđ đŻđ đđđđžđ¨đżđ¨đ đ¸đđ¤đđľđđ¤đż đđđđ¤đż đ
đ°đđđŻđđ¤đż đ¤đžđ¨đđŞđđ°đ¤đż
đđđđžđ¨đżđđđ¤đ đđđžđŽđż đŞđđŁđđŻđ đđđđđ¤đż ༤
đŻđ đđđđžđ¨đżđ¨đ đ¨đżđđŚđđ¤đż đŚđđľđżđˇđđ¤đż đŚđđđđŞđđ°đŚđžđ¨đ đđđ°đđľđđ¤đż đ¤đžđ¨đđŞđđ°đ¤đż
đđđđžđ¨đżđđđ¤đ đ¸đ°đđľđŽđžđđžđŽđż đđđ°đżđŻđŽđžđŁđ đŻđŚđľđžđđđŻđ đđ°đđŽ
đŞđžđŞđžđ¤đđŽđđ đ¤đŚđđđđđđ¤đż ༤
đ¸đđšđđŚđ đŞđđŁđđŻđđđ¤đ đŚđđ°đđšđđŚđ đŞđžđŞđđđ¤đđŻđ đđđšđđŁđđ¤đż ༤
Further, to those who praise, serve and worship the wise man, go the results of the actions done by the wise man. To those who criticise, hate or cause pain to the wise man go the results of all unpraiseworthy and sinful actions done by the wise man.
đŹđđ°đšđđŽđžđ¨đđŚđŽđ
đ¤đĽđž đđžđ¤đđŽđľđżđ¤đđ¸đđ¸đžđ°đ đ¤đđ°đđ¤đđľđž đŹđđ°đšđđŽđžđ¨đđŚđŽđżđšđđľ đŞđđ°đžđŞđđ¨đđ¤đż ༤
đ¤đ°đ¤đż đśđđđŽđžđ¤đđŽđľđżđ¤đ đđ¤đż đśđđ°đđ¤đđ ༤
đ¤đ¨đđ đ¤đđŻđđ¤đ đľđž đđžđśđđŻđžđ đśđđľđŞđđ¸đđŻ đđđšđđ˝đĽ đľđž ༤
đđđđžđ¨đ¸đđŞđđ°đžđŞđđ¤đżđ¸đŽđŻđ đŽđđđđ¤đžđ˝đ¸đ đľđżđđ¤đžđśđŻđ ༤ đđ¤đż đ¸đđŽđđ¤đđśđđ ༤
Thus the knower of the self, having crossed samsara, attains supreme bliss here itself. The shruti affirms-the knower of the self goes beyond all sorrow. Let the wise man cast off his body in Kashi or in the house of a dog-eater {it is immaterial} because at the time of gaining knowledge {itself} he is liberated, being freed from all the results of his actions. So assert the smritis too.
đđ¤đż đśđđ°đđśđđđ°đđđľđ¤đđŞđžđŚđžđđžđ°đđŻđŞđđ°đŁđđ¤đ đ¤đ¤đđ¤đđľđŹđđ§đŞđđ°đđ°đŁđ đ¸đŽđžđŞđđ¤đŽđ ༤
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